«ЕФЕКТИВНЕ» ГРОМАДЯНСТВО В ДЕРЖАВАХ ЄС: ІНСТРУМЕНТ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ (ДЕ)КОНСТРУКЦІЇ

Автор(и)

  • Ю. В. Узун Кафедра політології, факультет міжнародних відносин, політології та соціології ОНУ імені І.І. Мечнікова, Україна http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3575-3139

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18524/2707-5206.2022.35.261281

Ключові слова:

інститут громадянства, територіальна політика, ЄС, ефективне громадянство, стратегічне громадянство, політичний процес

Анотація

В статті проаналізовано трансформацію та сучасні концептуальні проблеми тлумачення суті інституту громадянства. Простежено причини та умови переосмислення концепту «громадянства» як базового принципу відносин між державою та громадянином від державної (національної) «приналежності» до гнучкого «правового зв’язку». Простежено історичні зміни в розумінні громадянства від «ексклюзивного» та «територіального» громадянства до «паралельного» (overlapping), «переносного» (portable), «виборного» (elective), «гнучкого» (flexible), «дуального» (dual) або «подвійного», «множинного» (multiple), та, навіть, до «стратегічного» (strategic) та «ефективного» (effective). Зазначено, що зсув у розумінні правового зв’язку громадянина та держави продукує далекосяжні наслідки в процесах політико-правової глобальної інтеграції, транснаціоналізації, міжнародної міграції, економічної та національно-територіальної трансформації, геополітичної (де)конструкції. Показано, що сучасне використання категорій «стратегічне» та «ефективне» громадянство» демонструє новий інструментальний підхід до інституту громадянства особливо в державах Європейського Союзу, які запровадили наднаціональне європейське громадянство та узгодили можливості розвитку субнаціонального (регіонального) громадянства, про що свідчить досвід Аландських островів Фінляндії та загальний курс на регіоналізацію ЄС. Трансформація інституту відбувається в контексті легітимації нового політико-правового порядку, вирішення проблеми демократичного залучення, політичної участі та її правової регламентації в умовах високої міграційної та соціально-економічної мобільності, орієнтації держав європейського простору на макрорегіональну інтеграцію на фоні зростаючих потреб демографічного трудоресурного заміщення.

Біографія автора

Ю. В. Узун, Кафедра політології, факультет міжнародних відносин, політології та соціології ОНУ імені І.І. Мечнікова

доктор політичних наук, доцент кафедри політології

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Опубліковано

2022-11-10

Як цитувати

Узун, Ю. В. (2022). «ЕФЕКТИВНЕ» ГРОМАДЯНСТВО В ДЕРЖАВАХ ЄС: ІНСТРУМЕНТ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ (ДЕ)КОНСТРУКЦІЇ. Міжнародні та політичні дослідження, (35), 120–144. https://doi.org/10.18524/2707-5206.2022.35.261281

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ПОЛІТИЧНІ ІНСТИТУТИ ТА ПРОЦЕСИ В МІЖНАРОДНОМУ, РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ КОНТЕКСТАХ