UKRAINIAN MIGRATION TO EUROPE AT THE PERIOD OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: POLITICS OF REGULATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18524/2707-5206.2023.36.288721Keywords:
migration, Russian-Ukrainian war, forced migration, migration crisis, EU policy, social workAbstract
Russia’s full-scaled invasion to Ukraine on the 24th of February 2022, which is still on, has become a new challenge for a modern world and has caused more problems to regional and global development as well as provoked colossal forced migration flows of Ukrainian citizens. The migration that according to researchers has no analogues and significantly surpasses all the previous ones. A massive influx of refugees from Ukraine added significant problems to migrant’s crisis of Europe, that was which was caused by the previous colossal influx of migrants from the Middle East and Africa, complicating its humanitarian component.
The relevance of the study of these processes is constantly growing and proves that migration is not only a social, political, but also a scientific problem, which requires a significant consolidation of the forces of the scientific community in order to solve the problems caused by these processes. The subject of analysis of this work is the forced migration of Ukrainian citizens and its consequences, provoked precisely by the Russian-Ukrainian war.
The article analyzes the theoretical surveys of Ukrainian researchers in the study of Ukrainian emigration to Europe. Its features are determined in comparison with other types of migration. The problems of linguistic, value-cultural, psychological and social adaptation are outlined on the basis of the analysis of the results of sociological surveys and numerous examples of the return of migrants to Ukraine.
An analysis of multilateral humanitarian assistance to refugees and the main directions of the EU policy regarding the regulation of migration flows from February 2022 to the summer of 2023 was carried out. A large number of documents that formed the normative and legal basis of the EU migration policy in relation to Ukrainian refugees, as well as cooperation with various institutions of Ukraine, were developed. Different aspects of the consequences of forced migration for Ukraine are defined.
References
Almost 5.5 million refugees have already left Ukraine – UN. (2022, April 30). TSN. Retrieved from: https://tsn.ua/ato/z-ukrayini-vzhe-viyihali-mayzhe-5-5-milyonabizhenciv-oon-2050408.html [in Ukrainian]. [З України вже виїхали майже 5,5 мільйона біженців – ООН. ТСН. 2022. 30 квітня. URL: https://tsn.ua/ato/z-ukrayini-vzhe-viyihali-mayzhe-5-5-milyonabizhenciv-oon-2050408.html (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Biloshytskyi, S. (2015). Modern International Migration as a Political Problem and Object of Political Science. Scientific Notes of I. F. Kuras Institute of Political and Economic Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4(78), 142–158 [in Ukrainian]. [Білошицький С. Сучасна міжнародна міграція як політична проблема та об̈єкт політичної науки. Наукові записки ІПіЕНД ім. І. Ф. Кураса НАН України. 2015. Вип. 4(78). С. 142–158.]
Brusylovska, O. I. (2022). Russian-Ukrainian War: Previous Lessons for the EU and Scenarios for the Future. Politiсus, 2(1), 15–22 [in Ukrainian]. [Брусиловська О.І. Російсько-українська війна: попередні уроки для ЄС та сценарії майбутнього. Політикус. 2022. № 2(1). С. 15–22.]
Despite current challenges, the impact of forced migration from Ukraine on the economies of recipient countries will be positive in the long run – NBU study. (2022, December 15). NBU [in Ukrainian]. [Попри поточні виклики, вплив вимушеної міграції з України на економіки країн-реципієнтів у перспективі буде позитивним – дослідження НБУ. НБУ. 2022. 15 грудня. URL: https://bank.gov.ua/ua/news/all/popri-potochni-vikliki-vpliv-vimushenoyi-migratsiyi-z-ukrayini-na-ekonomiki-krayin-retsipiyentiv-u-perspektivi-bude-pozitivnim--doslidjennya-nbu (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Financial Assistance to Ukrainians in Europe: How to Apply for Payments (Part 1) (2022, October 19). Visit Ukraine [in Ukrainian]. [Фінансова допомога українцям в країнах Європи: як оформити виплати. Visit Ukraine. 2022. 19 жовтня. URL: https://visitukraine.today/ru/blog/1041/financial-assistance-to-ukrainians-in-eu-countries-how-to-issue-payments-part-1 (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Germany's capacity to accept refugees from Ukraine is at its limit (2023, January 5). DW [in Ukrainian]. [Можливості ФРН приймати біженців з України – на межі. DW. 2023. 5 січня. URL: //https://www.dw.com/uk/mozlivosti-frn-prijmati-bizenciv-z-ukraini-na-mezi/a-64291823 (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
How many Ukrainians spent abroad (2023, January 10). Ekonomichna Pravda. Retrieved from: https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2023/01/10/695807/ [in Ukrainian]. [Скільки українці витрачали за кордоном. Економічна правда. 2023. 10 січня. URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2023/01/10/695807/ (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
How many Ukrainians have received protection in the EU (2023, April 2). Apostrophe. Retrieved from: https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/world/europe/2023-04-02/skolko-ukraincev-poluchili-zaschitu-v-es-dannye-oon/294362 [in Ukrainian]. [Скільки українців отримали захист в ЄС. Апостроф. 2023. 2 квітня. URL: https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/world/europe/2023-04-02/skolko-ukraincev-poluchili-zaschitu-v-es-dannye-oon/294362 (дата звернення: 17.05.2023).]
Krastev I. (2017). After Europe. University of Pennsylvania Press, 144 p. [in English].
Malynovska, O.A. (2018). Migration policy: global context and Ukrainian realities: monograph. Kyiv: NISS [in Ukrainian]. [Малиновська О.А. Міграційна політика: глобальний контекст та українські реалії : монографія. Київ : НІСД, 2018. 472 с.]
Migration and Home Affairs (2023, May 16). The European Commission. Retrieved from: https://commission.europa.eu/about-european-commission/departments-and-executive-agencies/migration-and-home-affairs_en [in English].
Potential contribution of Ukrainian refugees to the labor force in European host countries (2022, July 27). OECD [in English].
Pozniak, O. (2019). Problems of immigration policy in the context of ethno-political development. Scientific notes, 3–4(99–100), 364–373 [in Ukrainian]. [Позняк О. Проблеми імміграційної політики в контексті етнополітичного розвитку. Наукові записки. 2019. № 3–4(99–100). С. 364–373.]
Pozniak, O. (2020). External labor migration from Ukraine: the impact of COVID-19. Demography and Social Economy, 4(42), 25–40 [in Ukrainian]. [Позняк О. Зовнішня трудова міграція з України: вплив COVID-19. Демографія та соціальна економіка. 2020. № 4(42). С. 25–40.]
Rendyuk, T. (2022). Forced migration in the extraordinary conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war and its negative consequences for the gene pool of Ukraine. Folk art and ethnology, 3(395), 5–14 [in Ukrainian]. [Рендюк Т. Вимушена міграція в надзвичайних умовах російсько-української війни та її негативні наслідки для генофонду України. Народна творчість та етнологія, 2022. Вип. 3(395). С. 5–14.]
The 50/20 program. Dopomoha. Retrieved from: https://dopomoha.ro/en/the-5020-program [in English].
Ukrainian migrants in Europe are not a burden, but a valuable human capital (2022, December 10). Ekonomichna Pravda. Retrieved from: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2022/12/15/695056/ [in Ukrainian]. [Українські мігранти в Європі – не тягар, а цінний людський капітал. Економічна правда. 2022. 10 грудня. URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2022/12/15/695056/ (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Ukrainian refugees tell about their vision of Polish-Ukrainian relations – survey (2023, April 8). UNIAN [in Ukrainian]. [Українські біженці розповіли про бачення польсько-українських взаємин – опитування. УНІАН. 2023. 8 квітня. URL: https://www.unian.net/society/ukrainskie-bezhency-v-polshe-rasskazali-o-videnii-polsko-ukrainskih-vzaimootnosheniy-opros-12209931.html?utm_source=unian&utm_medium=read_more_news&utm_ (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Ukrainian society: migration dimension: national report (2018). Kyiv: Ptukha Institute of Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 396 [in Ukrainian]. [Українське суспільство: міграційний вимір : нац. доповідь. Київ : Інститут демографії та соціальних досліджень ім. М. В. Птухи НАН України, 2018. 396 с.]
Uzun, Y. V. (2019). Management of migration processes: global and regional trends. Politiсus, 2, 56–65 [in Ukrainian]. [Узун Ю. В. Управління міграційними процесами: глобальні та регіональні тенденції. Політикус. 2019. № 2. С. 56–65.]
Which federal states in Germany are accepting Ukrainians in 2023: financial assistance and useful information for refugees (2023, January 31). Visit Ukraine. Retrieved from: https://visitukraine.today/uk/blog/1456/yaki-federalni-zemli-v-nimeccini-priimayut-ukrainciv-u-2023-finansova-dopomoga-ta-korisna-informaciya-dlya-.bizenciv [in Ukrainian]. [Які федеральні землі в Німеччині приймають українців у 2023: фінансова допомога та корисна інформація для біженців. Visit Ukraine. 2023. 31 січня. URL: https://visitukraine.today/uk/blog/1456/yaki-federalni-zemli-v-nimeccini-priimayut-ukrainciv-u-2023-finansova-dopomoga-ta-korisna-informaciya-dlya-. bizenciv (дата звернення: 15.05.2023).]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 The rightholders of publication are authors as well as a founder of the Journal on conditions determined by publishing agreement, concluded between editorial board and authors of articles. No part of published material can be reproduced without preliminary notification and permission of author. Publication of works in Journal is realized on a not-for-profit basis. Author has a right to publish his work in any other mass media without permission of the editorial board with no reference to Journal, but with giving notice to the journal editorial board about publication of his work in the other mass media. Editorial board has a right to publish author’s work in the other mass media, but with permission of an author.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The rightholders of publication are authors as well as a founder of the Journal on conditions determined by publishing agreement, concluded between editorial board and authors of articles. No part of published material can be reproduced without preliminary notification and permission of author.
Publication of works in Journal is realized on a not-for-profit basis.
Author has a right to publish his work in any other mass media without permission of the editorial board with no reference to Journal, but with giving notice to the journal editorial board about publication of his work in the other mass media.
Editorial board has a right to publish author’s work in the other mass media, but with permission of an author.
